Department of Biomedical Informatics
University of Colorado | Anschutz Medical Campus
Tuesday, July 11, 2023
The Gartner Hype Cycle.
The Gartner Hype Cycle.
The theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages.
The study of computer algorithms that improve automatically through experience. It is seen as a subset of artificial intelligence. Machine learning systems give the computer the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed rules.
Machine learning algorithms that are inspired by the structure and function of the brain. Deep learning is a subset of machine learning in artificial intelligence that has networks capable of learning unsupervised from data that is often unstructured (i.e., text or images).
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The data types considered in the artificial intelligence artificial (AI) literature. The comparison is obtained through searching the diagnosis techniques in the AI literature on the PubMed database(Jiang et al. 2017, fig. 1).
The leading 10 disease types considered in the artificial intelligence (AI) literature. The first vocabularies in the disease names are displayed. The comparison is obtained through searching the disease types in the AI literature on PubMed (Jiang et al. 2017, fig. 3).
from (Challen et al. 2019)
Broad classes of machine learning.
Supervised learning.
Supervised learning.
Supervised learning.
Application of regression to predict eutrophil count using the signatures learned from public databases(Oh et al. 2022, fig. 4)
Develop question!!!
Collect data
Split data into training and test
Train model
Test model
Possibly validate model
Deploy
Linear regression.
Anscombe’s Quartet
Classification and Regression Trees (CART).
K-nearest neighbor (kNN) algorithm.
Random Forests.
Deep learning.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2017.0387
The mlr3 ecosystem in R.
Unsupervised learning.
Gene expression measurements.
Thinking about similarities and differences
Algorithm for hierarchical clustering
Algorithm for hierarchical clustering
Algorithm for hierarchical clustering
Schematic PCA.
Using dimensionality reduction to explore 22,000 dimensions of gene expression data on 280 samples.
How do we address ethical and moral decisionmaking for individuals, groups, and society?
Types and sources of bias in big data and AI/ML applications in healthcare (Norori et al. 2021). Bias in the medical field can be dissected along three directions: data-driven, algorithmic, and human.
Open science practices can assist in moving toward fairness in AI for health care (Norori et al. 2021). These include:
Each of these is harder and more expensive than it sounds.